A Low And Stable Inflation Rate - 880 Words

For several years, the western world or the world’s most developed countries have always perceived Africa as a place of impoverished citizens, who have little to no knowledge of fending for themselves. Thus, the need for aids, food, clothing and the like to be shipped to these areas to help cater for the poor standard of living. In several discussions on how to alleviate poverty, it’s always been a question of empowering the locals to confront their problems, even though the execution has always been left for criticism. However, being able to achieve and sustain a reliable economy that alleviates poverty in these localities should be hinged on the implementation of effective and realistic policies, which mitigates the problem from the grass roots. The maintenance of a low and stable inflation rate, reduction in maternal and child undernutrition, and initiatives to ensure sustainable living standards and health, extensive education and access to obtaining credit among th e people of Ghana and the provision of agricultural inputs to boost their yearly yields are some of the positive outlooks that can help reduce poverty. When it comes to living standards, the government should be in the position of preventing the negative correlation effect of increases in the inflation rate. For example, in the 1970s and 1980’s the Ghanaian economy experienced high inflation rates without a corresponding increase in the nominal wages of able-bodied workers (An Assessment of Poverty ReducingShow MoreRelatedThe Central Bank or The Fed1087 Words   |  5 Pagesoperating in. Monetary Policy has two effects, expansionary policy and restricted policy. Expansionary policy helps lower interest rates and raise inflation in the economy; this policy improves growth for short run for the overall performance of the economy. On the other hand, restricted policy does the exact opposite of expansionary. Restricted reduces growth and inflation in the economy. Another role of the central banks is to manage the payments system by the inter-bank payments. This role of theRead MoreCentral Bank : Monetary Policy1178 Words   |  5 Pagesand exchange rates. Until the 1970s, central banks used a currency peg, which linked the value of the domestic currency to the value of another currency, usually of a low-inflation country. But this approach meant that the country’s monetary policy was tied to the country to which it pegged, restraining the central bank’s ability to adapt their policy to shocks such supply shocks or changes in the real interest rate. Consequently, many central banks began to adopt flexible exchange rates, forcing themRead MoreEvaluate Two Macroeconomic Objectives the Government in Your Home Country Aims to Achieve and How Effective Is the Government in Achieving Them?1286 Words   |  6 PagesUS on the UK economy. Macroeconomics, policies that aim to improve economic growth, maximise national income and raise the standard of living for citizens, have four main methods: full employment, inflation, balance of payments, equilibrium of supply and demand. In this essay I will look at: inflation and taxation . I will describe the policies followed, how they were put into practise and whether they have been effective at stabilising the British economy in this time of significant internationalRead MoreConsumer Price Inflation955 Words   |  4 Pages First, we will examine price inflation under fiat currency and judge whether price inflation is relatively stable under the U.S. dollar. Rolnick and Welser argued that under a fiat currency inflation rates are high. Under their tests, fiat currency had an average inflation rate of 9.17%. Compared to the average rate of inflation of 1.75% for commodity currencies. Thus, they concluded that under fiat currencies rates of inflation were higher and unstable (Rolnick and Welser, 1997). However,Read MoreInflation Targeting Is A Monetary Policy Framework That1639 Words   |  7 PagesInflation targeting is a monetary policy framework that commits the central bank to achieving low and stable inflation. Inflation targeting is a long-run goal for monetary policy. It was implemented due to the poor performance of exchange rate and monetary targeting. The central bank has an explicit numerical target for inflation rate, for the medium term and announces it to public which is around 2% in the UK. Monetary policy supports the long term economy growth by maintaining the price stabilityRead MoreEconomic Conditions in the US1005 Words   |  4 Pagesat a rate of 3% per year, which is moderate growth. This is fuelled in part by low interest rates, which are at 0.42% for short-term paper. This is to spur further growth. The unemployment rate is declining, and is now at 8.2%. The inflation rate, using the basic Consumer Price Index, is 0.3%. Slide 3: Brazil is one of the booming BRIC economies, and is very accessible to US markets. The St. Louis Fed provides us with economic data on select international countries. The GDP growth rate in BrazilRead MoreDeveloping A Countrys Economic Data1489 Words   |  6 Pagescountry’s economy is so dependent on their individual success. The government’s goal is to prioritize economic growth in order to maintain a high standard of living for its citizens. Key Economic Factors Gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment, and inflation make up the most important economic indicators for Canada’s economy. As previously mentioned, these factors and interrelated but will be analyzed individually for a full understanding of their individual impact on the economy. Gross Domestic ProductRead MoreThe Phillips Curve : The Epitome Of Antiquity Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epitome of Antiquity Abstract In this paper, we will present a model discussed at length in Todorova (2012) representing the Phillips curve, the textbook macroeconomic relationship posting a negative relationship between unemployment and inflation. Specifically, the model posits that when unemployed workers are scarce, employers must compete with one another for the remaining, qualified workers by bidding wages upward, which translates into higher costs, which combined with stronger consumptionRead More U.K. Economy Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesU.K. Economy The UK government currently has four main macroeconomic aims that it is pursuing. These aims are those of low unemployment, low inflation, and high and stable economic growth as well as a favourable balance of payments current account position. This essay will concentrate on the government’s success in the first three of its aims listed above and how these macroeconomic aims can or have been achieved using fiscal and monetary policy. Fiscal policy is used to affect aggregateRead MoreMacroeconomic Objectives Of The Malaysian Economy1542 Words   |  7 Pagesmacroeconomic objectives In this section I will be discussing how well does Malaysia manage to achieve the four macroeconomic objectives which are; high and stable economic growth, low unemployment, low inflation and avoidance of large balance of trade deficit. One of the ways that Malaysia’s economy plan to reach the goals of high and stable economic growth is by implementing a fiscal consolidation â€Å"The Malaysian government has embarked on fiscal consolidation† (Ratings and Investment Information

Antigone - Compositions On The Works Of Sophocles Antigone

Antigone - compositions on the works of Sophocles Antigone ANTIGONE (fr. Antigone, it. Antigone) - Alcmene Sophocles Antigone (set, apparently, was to continue in 442 BC. E.), The daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta. After the death in combat of his brothers Eteocles and Polynices, every one of which was the Theban king and won with the city befitting funeral and the other wanting to challenge the machine, led to Thebes Argos army and remained apart after the death burial on orders inherited the throne of Creon, brother-Oedipus, A. decides on defying mania lord, to honor the dead brother s funeral and divided intent with his sister Ismenio. That is not in a position to violate the ban, fearing the promised punishment. (In addition, there is this contrast between the two sisters to some extent prompted eksodom Aeschylus Seven vpererez Thebes. A. and there is a refusal to ban uhoranivat brother and two sisters at odds with the two-poluhoriya of accompanying A. - trupakov Polynices and Yemen - the body of Eteocles.) Rite is perfect, and unhappy Cr eon orders the guards to find the culprit. Soon Wotan of them leads, A., and she did not deny the crime. DEBATE between the ruler (uttering a lot of fair, but I was wrong in the main) and A. - every one the most intense scenes in the Greek tragedy. On phrases Creon, confident that the feud persists after death, A. meets his famous remark: In my nature - to dismember love, not hatred., who did not want to cut the risk of A.,Show MoreRelatedMajor Works Data Sheet : Fiction2158 Words   |  9 Pages OHHS AP/Pre-AP English Name _Sara Libonati_______________________ Per. _3____ Major Works Data Sheet: Fiction (Updated 10/18/2011) Note: Cite references in MLA format, in-text, and parenthetically. Complete a Works Cited page of all references used. Title: _Anitgone__________________________________ Author: _Sophocles________________________________ Date of Authorship:_5th Century B.C.__________________ Date of Original Publication: _5th Century B.C.__________ Genre: _Tragic Drama____________________________Read More Comparing Sophocles Antigone and Jean Anouilhs Antigone Essay2293 Words   |  10 PagesBoth Sophocles and Jean Anouilh use the simple story-line of a girl defying her uncle and king in the face of death to reflect upon the events and attitudes of their days. Sophocles Antigone models the classical pattern of tragedy by incorporating key elements such as a tragic hero with a fatal flaw and the Man-God-Society triangle. Creon is the tragic hero who disturbs the natural harmony of Thebes by denying Polyneices a funeral. Antigone is the catalyst who forces him to reckon with the consequencesRead MoreTragedy in The Merchant of Venice1472 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to dictionary.com, a tragedy is a form of art based on human suffering; furthermore, it is a dramatic composition, dealing with a serious or somber theme, typically that of a great person destined through a flaw of character or conflict with some overpowering force , as fate or society, to downfall or destruction. Tragedy elements are that in which a protagonist agonizes disconnection from society and also, he or she makes an error or shows awful decision making. There are typically deathsRead MoreClassical Tragedies And Romantic Tragedies2060 Words   |  9 Pagesart and technique but are fundamentally geared towards different crowds. The greatest and possibly most overlooked difference within these two dissimilar eras is the structure of the theatre itself. The structures that housed the great works of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides were grand and vast, built to accommodate many people and allow the manipulation of astonishing effects. These structures were built open to the skies giving symbolic power to Greek drama as both a national and a religiousRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Leviathan 2457 Words   |  10 Pages Laviathan, Thomas Hobbes most important work and one of the most substantial philosophical text s of the Seventeenth century, was written largely as a response to the political violence and turmoil of England’s civil wars. In Leviathan, Hobbes, using science and reason as a foundation, attempts to create a concrete and methodological solution for peace and political stability. In the context of a historically violent and fear stricken period in which Leviathan was written, itRead MorePericles : The Golden Ruler893 Words   |  4 PagesThe Golden Ruler â€Å"God mixed gold in the composition of those of you who are qualified to govern; in those fitted to be guardians he mixed silver; and in the farmers and artisans he mixed baser metals† (Plato 1). Philosopher and author of The Republic, Plato classified men and women based on three categories. These categories were separated by working classes--workers were in the baser metal category, soldier-guardians were in the silver category, and the elite philosopher-rulers were in the goldRead MoreEssay on History Quiz - Western Civilization to Middle Ages1580 Words   |  7 Pages60 Approximately what proportion of the population of Athens and surrounding Attica were slaves? | One-third | | One-fourth | | One-half | | Three-fifths | Question 10 of 60 He was the great historian of the Persian Wars. | Sophocles | | Thucydides | | Herodotus | | Aeschylus | Question 11 of 60 Which of the following MOST accurately describes the role of women in fifth century B.C.E. Athens? | They had full equality with Athenian males. | | They led publicRead MoreOedipus The King And Oedipus At Colonus1567 Words   |  7 PagesThe role of hubris, a theme commonly present throughout the works of Sophocles and particularly evident in Oedipus the King and Oedipus at Colonus, not only exalts the Greek nationalism present at the date of composition but dictates the course of the story, evolving as its tragic hero works through his fated anguish. Hubris, defined as exaggerated pride or self-confidence, is the earmark character trait of Oedipus and perhaps Creon. However, it is the abandonment of his sanctimonious nature thatRead MoreThe Origins Of Drama And Theatre2001 Words   |  9 PagesTruax Shelley Graff and Michael Smyth Senior Project - Background Paper 1 28 June 2014 The Origins of Drama and Theatre Theatre is an art that transcends time and builds a new world for the audience atop the stage. A play is defined as â€Å"a dramatic composition† or â€Å"the stage representation of an action or story† (The Merriam-Webster Dictionary). This refers to drama being performed live by actors on a stage. Ancient Greece is accredited to inventing theatre and drama. In Greece during that time, at theRead MoreComedy and Tragedy According to Aristotle1912 Words   |  8 Pagescelebration of human sexuality and the triumph of eros. As a rule, tragedies occur on the battlefield or in a palace s great hall; a more likely setting for comedy is the bedroom or bathroom.   Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, it s not true that a film or literary work must involve sexual humor or even be funny in order to qualify as a comedy. A happy ending is all that s required. In fact, since at least as far back as Aristotle, the basic formula for comedy has had more to do with conventions and expectations

Heroism Main Theme in Beowulf - 3076 Words

The main theme of Beowulf is heroism. This involves far more than physical courage. It also means that the warrior must fulfill his obligations to the group of which he is a key member. There is a clear-cut network of social duties depicted in the poem. The king has an obligation to behave with generosity. He must reward his thanes with valuable gifts for their defense of the tribe and their success in battle. This is why King Hrothgar is known as the â€Å"ring-giver.† He behaves according to expectations of the duties of a lord when he lavishly rewards Beowulf and the other Geat warriors for ridding the Danes of Grendel’s menace. But the thanes have their obligation too. (A thane is a warrior who has been rewarded by his king with a†¦show more content†¦Beowulf and Hrothgar give praise to God for the defeat of Grendel. The outcome of battles is attributed to the judgment of God, and Beowulf puts his trust in God. The scriptural reference, however, ar e restricted to the Old Testament rather than the New. The story of Cain and Abel is mentioned, for example, in explaining the origins of Grendel. And the sword hilt of Grendel’s mother is engraved with a depiction of the Flood described in the book of Genesis. But Beowulf makes no mention at all of Christ, or an afterlife in heaven for the believer. The burial rites described, in which warriors are buried with their treasure, does not suggest belief in a Christian heaven. Scholars debate the question of how fundamental Christianity is to the poem. It does not strike anyone as a thoroughly Christian work. The atmosphere of much of Beowulf is dark and pagan. There are many references to an impersonal fate that controls the destinies of men. â€Å"Fate goes ever as fate must,† (line 455) says Beowulf, only a few lines after he has referred to the judgment of God. Not long after this, when Beowulf tells of his battles with sea-monsters, he says, â€Å"fate spare s the man it has not already marked.† He does not say God spares the man. And the poet’s words, â€Å"fate, the grim shape of things to come† (lines 1233-1234) does not suggest Christian hope and joy. The two perspectives, pagan and Christian,Show MoreRelatedHeroism as the Main Theme of Beowulf Essay2557 Words   |  11 PagesHeroism as the Main Theme of Beowulf The main theme of Beowulf is heroism. This involves far more than physical courage. It also means that the warrior must fulfil his obligations to the group of which he is a key member. There is a clear-cut network of social duties depicted in the poem. The king has an obligation to behave with generosity. He must reward his thanes with valuable gifts for their defense of the tribe and their success in battle. This is why King HrothgarRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare935 Words   |  4 PagesWhat comes in your mind when you hear the word Heroism. Does a knight in shining armor pops up in your mind or maybe a firefighter who s willing to put down his life for the good of others , well Beowulf was both. In the novel Beowulf , to me, the main theme of the entire story is heroism. Beowulf is your knight in shining armor or your fire fighter who goes into a living hell to save a kitten. Heroism is scattered all over this epic poem. Sure paganism and christianity are in it as well as goodRead MoreAn Assortment Of Heroism : Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1171 Words   |  5 PagesProject An Assortment of Heroism Theme is essential to any great work of literature, and while the following are certainly very different tales, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Beowulf and The Dream of the Rood each have particularly strong themes of heroism, though, they each have their own distinct idea of what heroism is, their own flavor one might say. It is partly because of their strong themes and ideas that they are still well-known and read today. A story without a theme or real purpose hasRead MoreTheme Of Heroism In Beowulf1139 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Beowulf† is the oldest surviving poem in Old English Literature. It is an epic poem, which is a narrative poem typically revolving around heroism. The poem emphasizes repetitively on how Beowulf is a hero. He saves countless people from countless monsters, three of which are the main antagonists in the poem – a demon, the demon’s mother, and a dragon. But is saving innocent lives the only factor to justify and determine a personâ₠¬â„¢s heroism? Throughout the story of Beowulf, the author makes appealsRead MoreBeowulf Is The Longest Epic Poem1316 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf is the longest epic poem written in Old English. The story centers around the exploits of Beowulf, a heroic warrior known for his strength and bravery. The theme of heroism is prevalent throughout the poem through the use of conflict between good and evil forces. Beowulf is often engaged in selfless conquests in the pursuit of saving others, resulting in his emergence as the hero of the story. The text, while focusing on the main theme of heroism, is divided into two main parts, Beowulf asRead MoreThe Themes Of Heroism In The Wander By Anglo-Saxon830 Words   |  4 PagesTo start of I selected Beowulf by Anglo-Saxon, the second text I chose was The Wander by Anglo-Saxon. The theme of Beowulf is heroism. Beowulf himself represents the heroic ideal because of his features, strength, and courage, but also because of his intelligence and honor. Beowulf is proud of his strength and great his honor. When Beowulf goes to Heorot, waiting for Grendel, he refuses to keep a weapon. He believes in himself that he can defeat the monster who has devoured many men without usingRead MoreTheme Of Heroism In Beowulf740 Words   |  3 PagesThe theme of Beowulf is heroism. Beowulf himself represents the heroic ideal because of his features, strength, and courage, but also because of his intelligence and honor. Beowulf is proud of his strength and great his honor. When Beowulf goes to Heorot, waiting for Grendel, he refuses to keep a weapon. He believes in himself that he can defeat the monster who has devoured many men without using any weapons. It turns out that Beowulfs intelligent approach was right. Glory is also one of the themesRead MoreThemes In Beowulf1510 Wor ds   |  7 Pagesbeginning of Beowulf we are able to understand and see the central themes and points that are being focused on. From the assigned readings of Beowulf and after finishing the entire piece I found it stuck with its major theme in which we are given from the prologue of the story. From the start of the story we are able to identify with Scyld Scefing and his role as king and leader. Power plays a major role and theme throughout the entire story which allows the story to flow well and keep the theme strongRead MoreBeowulf Is The Longest Epic Poem1239 Words   |  5 Pages Beowulf is the longest epic poem written in old english ever published. The composition centres around the exploits of Beowulf, a heroic warrior known for his strength and bravery. Themes of heroism are prevalent in the famous piece of literature in relation to its noble protagonist. The poem follows an adventurous plot containing conflict between both good and evil forces. Beowulf is often engaged in selfless conquests in the pursuit of saving others from evil forces, resulting in his emergenceRead MoreTheme Of Chaos And Order In Beowulf834 Words   |  4 PagesChaos and Order in Beowulf The Epic of Beowulf is about many things, one could say. It involves changes of power, darkness and light, overcoming challenges, temptation and destruction, war, et cetera, et cetera. These themes, and many more, make up what are known as major and minor themes. Both are of equal importance to a story in its entirety; the difference being that major themes address the writer’s most significant ideas, while minor themes refer to an idea that appears only momentarily. For

The House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros - 2190 Words

Ethnicity, especially within the context of the United States, has been something that has continued to be fraught with both a positive and dark history. Ethnicity and race still play huge roles in American society centuries after its foundation. One of the books I feel perfectly touches on ethnicity in America specifically is Sandra Cisneros The House on Mango Street. Cisneros tells a coming of age story through brief episodes of a girl named Esperanza her life varying from things about her family, neighborhood, and different dreams and goals that she has. The House on Mango street is a personal and touching look at what it means to be a minority/immigrant in America as well what it means to grow up poor. In this book report, I will try to discuss this book s themes, characters and story while also relating it to the class. Sandra Cisneros was born in 1954 in Chicago to a father and mother both of Mexican descent. The story is told from what are called vignettes which are essentially these short poem/stories. The book in the first chapter introduces the key themes and ideas of the overall novel. One of the first idea introduced in the book that relates to both the course and ethnicity in the United States, in general, is the American dream. The book talks about how Esperanza moves to Chicago to go to live in her family s first house. Unfortunately, her dream house and the actuality of what awaits her disappoints immediately. She starts to feel embarrassed by herShow MoreRelatedThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1132 Words   |  5 Pageslives. In the collection of short stories, The House on Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros, she focuses on a young Hispanic girl named Esperanza Cordero who grew up on Mango Street. As she is changing and maturing, she writes down her experiences about discrimi nation of gender, sexual orientation, and more. Esperanza s transformation from a young and innocent girl to a mature woman is displayed through her self-realization and experiences that help Cisneros reveal how one s own experiences can lead toRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1297 Words   |  6 Pagesto think of a story to create, most of the advice given to them is â€Å"write what you know.† This was perfect advice for Mexican-American writer Sandra Cisneros, who draws upon her coming-of-age events throughout her childhood and adolescence in â€Å"The House on Mango Street.† Drawing from life stories, her alter ego â€Å"Esperanza† describes everything from the house she lived in, to the hair on people’s heads. These personal stories show a stark contrast for any reader of a different culture, and confirmRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros913 Words   |  4 Pagesvignettes that made up â€Å"The House on Mango Street†, a coming-of-age novel by Mexican-American writer Sandra Cisneros. Cisneros in this specific vignette reveals the inherent oppressiveness of all marriages, which by their nature rob people of their independence. Sally is not even eight grades and she gets married. Her husband is a marshmallow salesman that she meets at a school bazaar. She moves to another state where is legal their marriage. Sally tells Esperanza about her house and domestic objects thatRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1854 Words   |  8 Pages The Street That Changed a Life The House on Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros, displays a great emphasis on culture and people helping form a young girl into a young lady. The main character, Esperanza, has to navigate a mentally and physically challenging life growing up in a poor, Hispanic neighborhood while still learning how to mature and rise above the poverty that surrounds her. Thus, the question arises: in what way and to what extent does close human interaction change Esperanza’s lifeRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros886 Words   |  4 PagesThe House on Mango Street is a novel by Sandra Cisneros. The novel is acclaimed by critics and used in schools all around the world. â€Å"The House on Mango Street† is about a young Latina girl who is about the age of 12 when the novel begins. Sandra’s novels have sold over two million copies. Sandra was born on December 20, 1984, in Chicago, Illinois. In 2016, President Barack Obama presented her with the medal of ‘Nat ional Medal of Arts’. Title: The House on Mango Street Author: Sandra Cisneros TheRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros2004 Words   |  9 PagesIn The House on Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros, twelve-year-old Esperanza Cordero must navigate through the trials and tribulations that one can associate when encountering young adulthood. The author Cisneros, utilizes her unique writing style of vignettes to illustrate the narrative voice of Esperanza in her text. A major theme that can be seen as the most prominent thus far, is on the feminist role of Esperanza as a female in her Latin American culture. The House on Mango Street is an overallRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros753 Words   |  4 PagesWhen you look at the cover of the book, The House on Mango Street, you see bright colors and a fun font. The first vignette that Sandra Cisneros writes is about Esperanza, a young Latino girl wishing that she had her own house, a house with trees and white fences. The way that Cisneros writes screams â€Å"little girl.† Howe ver, as you dive deeper into the book, the subject of each vignette gets darker. Slowly, we start to see the dangers of growing up as a young Latino girl in a Chicago neighborhoodRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1688 Words   |  7 PagesThe House on Mango Street, a novella by Sandra Cisneros, revolves around the idea of a developing Latino girl facing the difficulties of transitioning to a young mature woman. Esperanza moves into a house on Mango Street, where she meets many diverse influential people as she attempts to discover her true identity and understanding of the world. While doing this, she encounters the struggles of her community, socioeconomic class, and heritage. Esperanza’s opposing view of herself slowly adjusts asRead MoreThe House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros766 Words   |  3 Pagesliterary analysis on â€Å"The House on Mango Street† by Sandra Cisneros. This story takes place in the center of an over populated Latino neig hborhood in Chicago, a city where many of the poor areas are ethnically segregated. This novella uses two main symbols shoes and trees. Later in the literary analysis I will explain what these mean to the main characters. There are three main characters in the novella Esperanza, Sally and Nenny (short for â€Å"Magdalena†). The House on Mango Street tells the life of EsperanzaRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1087 Words   |  5 PagesRiaz Salehi The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros, portrays the life of a teenage girl named Esperanza living on Mango Street. Though Esperanza lives in a diverse city, pre-existing stereotypes are affecting how others(women?) are perceived and treated. Esperanza starts to see how to change her community and the negative view of herself by taking the wrong actions of other women and connecting them to her own life experiences. To begin with, Esperanza always saw this great distinction

Impact of Socioeconomics and Geographic free essay sample

Arena Brethren What impact does socioeconomics and geographic exposure have on musical preference? Music is derived from persons roots and their history of said parties. Music evolves at the same fast paced rate as society and is typically influenced from previous genres. Music in specific geographical locations and socioeconomic environments are mostly created based on surrounding issues and hardships that face the parties involved. Many factors effect what musical preferences people enjoy such as ethnicity, background, the areas they reside within and basic Income.There is a wide variety in types of music in different geographical locations. For Instance, African music has had a long journey, The beat of the music that tribes created traveled with the Africans when sailing over to America. Eventually, reggae evolved in the Caribbean. In later years, African Americans started singing revolutionized versions of their previous music (Beebe 83). Using the beats of their ancestors, they eventually created gospel, blues, jazz, and etcetera. Even these genres would later branch off and evolve into more contemporary genres such as hip hop and rock n roll. Beebe) Other cultures also have their own music which have also evolved through time. The change seen In music can be attributed to the surrounding influences based on the creators musical preferences mixed with the influences of their socioeconomics environment as well as their geographical location. An individual growing up in a home with no support of a guardian and they must learn to be independent and they use music as an outlet due to the lack of no one to confide In. On the other hand. N Individual who grows up In a stable home where they receive attention and may learn to be independent over time may use music to express themselves rather than the individual who uses music as an outlet. These two examples are composed of completely deferent surroundings of how music preference can be formed. From these two types of examples, one may develop an idea of which social class those persons may reside in. In the United States, people have created stereotypes for the social classes which exist within the country.In the United States, there are three major social classes: lower, middle and upper _ The lower class has little education and the Individuals live In poverty. Many associate this class to listen to rap, heavy metal and country. Whether it is a viable part in what musical genres people are involved with, they listen to music and the work in the lower class are listening to various genres that express the anger that can be created through poor living conditions and unrewarding hard work. Rap and metal are two genres that are known to portray anger well.Some African American neighborhoods, that are considered the governments property, have more rap music than any other area. Another example resides within the prominent whites who live in trailer parks. For these low income workers, they are considered to listen to heavy metal or country (Emission 217). The music can be used as an escape from life and can radically change the mood of an individual. Music is also easily accessible and can be created with no basic formula. Music can be shaped and changed at ones will.Compositions of music can also be used to temporarily escape negative situations and channel energy and emotions. Whether that Just be a part of their culture or whether it be something to do with their low income and their moods. This is one reason it is believed that some of the most talented musicians have troubled backgrounds. (Emission) The middle class is considered to be eclectic. They listen to all types of music which includes rap, punk, country, electronic, pop, gospel, hip hop, blues, Jazz, Indies- rock, debuted etcetera (Forthwith 156). This may be due primarily to the fact that the middle class encompasses the largest percentage of the American population. Middle class people generally are happy since they receive some rewarding attributes in their lives while the lower class usually receives none. The middle class is more likely to reside in the urban and suburban areas of North America. Another reason this is that the middle class may spend their money in different ways than the there social classes. They may spend more towards items such as expensive cars and other items instead of living conditions.For this reason, some in the middle class may still live in lower class conditions and thus they will primarily listen to music associated with that of the lower class. This can be seen in a very specific study created by Adrian North and David Harvests. Part of the study was to include the way people spent their money. It indicates that within the middle class, those that spent their money more responsibly listened to similar music to that of the upper class. This group of people is distinguished from the less responsible group primarily based on how they regularly paid off credit card bills each month.They were generally interested in opera, musicals and classical music. The group that did not pay bills and credit cards off on time as frequently associated more with the music of the lower class. Their preferred genres were DC based music as well as hip hop and rap (North 481-483). These findings state that although money may affect musical preferences, the lifestyle led by the people within each group has one immense effect upon their preferences as well. Forthwith) (North) As for the upper class, they are considered to listen to sophisticated music such as classical, musicals and operettas.During the eighteenth century, the aristocrats or the upper class, would attend the well known Mozart and Beethoven symphonies (Emission 219). Unlike the lower class or middle class that live with less money, the upper class have either had their money handed to them from family members or In the U. S. A. , many people set stereotypes of musical preference with their social class. For example, lower income listen to rap, heavy metal or country, middle class people are eclectic and enjoy many types of music and the upper class enjoys musicals, operas, and classical music. These assumptions can be based off race. However, a study was conducted and stated that income is rarely associated with music preference. The study slims the stereotypes wrong. Yet it does not mean that most people in these classes do not listen to the types of music people associate them with such as blue grass, country, and hymns/gospel, parade, and rap/hip hop are all genres associated with the lower and middle class. (Micelle) Many people believed in the set and stone stereotypes of musical preferences ND how they relate to social classes. However, in the study above, those stereotypes were slimmed down.Emission stated that education was more influential than Just the original stereotypes that individuals have created. Manual workers and professionals may not like the same types of music More highbrow in the case of professionals, more lowbrow in the case of workers (Emission 214). In Norths study, the relationship between employment status and music preferences was also studied. Here, the relationship between music preference and age can be indirectly linked and explained. People that enjoy rock, Jazz, and pop were found to likely be employed. People that prefer the genres of opera, country, and classical music were mostly likely retired. People that enjoy DC based music, hip hop and rap, and dance music were mostly all involved in some form of full-time education. Although the study here was made related to employment status, an obvious correlation can be noticed based on age. People who are employed fall mostly within the middle aged bracket and listen to music created within their time. Retired individuals tended to listen to older versions of music. The retired group is armorial composed of older individuals.The people within the category of full-time education can also be compared with age, as people within this group are obviously primarily young. They listen to genres of music that are generally prominent among todays society, as well as music that has been created and that has thrived within a period of the last ten years, namely debuted, rap, and house music. (North) (Reenters) A large scale study by a group called Signal Patterns notes many significant connections between the way people learn and their personalities, linking these to their preferences of music.It states that the way people describe themselves can usually be linked to certain music. One example is that people who have good social skills and like to use them listen to fast paced, loud music laced with heavy amounts of percussion. Subsequently, people that describe themselves as reserved and honest listen to slow paced music that is not as aggressive. People that fall into the category of intellectuals are found to listen to music that can inspire them and that may portray more complex themes and emotions than other music genres. Lower class experiences hars h living conditions and hard work, they are typically ore prone to be angry. Listening to genres such as classical music or opera may relate to a more relaxed state of mind. People that are well past being financially stable have noticeably reduced stress levels due to them not having to constantly worry about living conditions and the ability to feed and take care of themselves along with their families. Mood plays such a large roll in music preference because it can elevate moods as well as channel anxiety and stress through a viable outlet. A study was conducted by a scientist, famous hacker, and graduate of the University of Alabama named Virgil Griffith.Within this study, a direct correlation can be seen between genres of music that the participating students listened to and said students SAT scores. While most alternative and rock music can be found spread all through the spectrum, certain genres stand out on either side. Rap and country is found to be associated with lower SAT scores while music such as Beethoven is enjoyed by people that score very hi gh. It should be noted that these are correlations and not causations. Other studies, such as one by North, also support these claims.People with higher educational values tended to lean towards the classical genres of music while hose that were not as educationally as. N. Y enjoy music created by Dos and other genres such as country music. One odd result showed that those that attend fee paying schools preferred not only opera music, but hip hop and rap as well. Those that attend state schools, on the other hand, preferred country, pop, and musicals. People that excelled in their educational status (such as people that received Pads and masters degrees) listened to Jazz, opera, blues, and classical music (Emission 214).This study may suggest that the educational status of individuals may not be a age contributor to what drives people to listen to certain music genres. Instead, this theory states that what people listen to based on education may be a direct correlation with age. (Emission) In a study created by North and Heaver, it is noted that people prefer others with similar musical tastes rather than those that had different tastes. This factor may contribute to why certain groups and stereotypes can be associated with specific groups. North) Geography has a cultural impact on the way music is listened to and how it is perceived. In the United States, certain stereo-types are associated with where an individuals may inhabit. People that live in an area associated with the creation or utilization of certain music genres generally tend to listen to their native brands of music. The South is known for country, rock n roll, gospel and rap; the Northeast is known for its classical music, operas, Indies-music and electronic/club music; the West is well-known for rap, alternative, punk, and pop; and the Mid-West for its Jazz.For the genre rap, there has always been a battle between east coast and west coast South. (Gross) (Labeled) Dirty South was a new creation of the genre rap by the African Americans who felt hat that Dirty South was a bold statement from rappers who felt estranged from Atlantas economic and social progress and excluded by their southerners from competing in a rap-music market dominated by New York and Los Angles (Greg 59). One of the first groups to emerge from this genre was known as Outcast. Looked down upon by many fans, they striver to become number one.In the year of 2004, they won th e Grammar Music Award and had millions of fans supporting them. Outcast influenced Dirty South because in the year of 2000, rappers from the South preferred the new genre Dirty South. This new rap was a blend of older African American music such as gospel, the blues and rock enroll. One artist stated We cut words off. Were lazy with our tongue. We really dont care about your diction . So, you know, youre going to have to rewind it a few times (Greg 60). By 2000, southern rap artists preferred promoting this while critiques thought it was a new style of hip-hop.Living in an area such as Atlanta where a new music is evolved will lead to the popularity of it, allowing the people there listen to it and influence it on everyone around them, especially the South. (Greg) Children grow up listening to their parents music and then create their own music preference in later life. A child will be more prone to like their parents music if their parents play it often for them. A study conducted by some researchers wanted to see if it would matter if the child had nurturing parents or non-nurturing parents. The researchers presented a survey to college students and asked about their parents musical preference. Then the college students were asked whether they would consider their parents loving and caring or consider their parents uncaring and not showing much attention to them. Then they were asked to score their parents favorite artists when listening to a soundtrack from that artist. It was found that college students who had loving parents were prone to favor their parents favorite artists more than those who had uncaring, distant parents. (Devon) Memories are vital to ones life.These memories make up who we are and how we go about our everyday lives. Memories are created every second of every day. When one listens to a song such as Motorcycle Drive-BE by Third Eye Blind, it could bring up a past memory such as that individuals mother. Songs can even bring up bad memories that an individual may want to forget or great memories they will want to cherish forever (Levities 204). That memory will change that persons music taste Just because of a song that reminds them of a bad memory. The same goes with friends and using drugs. The mind goes under a new state of consciousness and may create new music choices. Levities) (Panda) Drug use can also affect ones musical preference. Marijuana users may listen to music that stimulates their mind while under the influence of the substance. Genres such as Indies rock and reggae may coincide with the ladybird mood and feeling seers typically tend to listen to more stimulating genres such as fast paced techno and its submerges. These can aid the mind in creating hallucinations and make the trips more intense. One reason these types of music may be preferred by the listener is that often times the music is created either while under the influence of said drugs or for its users.A study was conducted on why more teens are using drugs in 1996. The results showed that friends who were under the influence influenced not only the marijuana drug upon their friends but also influenced the music that they listened to (Haywood 14). The study proves that individuals from the age group of thirteen to their early twenties used TECH to create a new music preference based off their experience with the drug. Most of the teens were under their peers pressure to use the drug which is why their music might have changed (Gross 60). Now more teens that were influenced by the drug, in all social groups and geographic regions, use this drug to create a similar music taste. (Gross) (Haywood) (New Findings) In 1941, a prominent sociologist named Adorn created a thesis that states that the reason for different types of genres of music are directed results of pre-existing social hierarchies and structures (North 476). Another study created in 1984 by Broodier recognizes that some music (as well as performances) may be easily accessible by some groups rather than others.It states that art pieces that may be sponsored or endorsed are more likely to be associated with the upper classes. An example of this is museum art as compared to non legit art. Since the upper class has the resources and means to be able to afford entry into museums, they are more likely to gain an appreciation for said pieces. An inverse relationship of appreciation an be seen here, as the lower classes are more likely to enjoy low brow art created for mass consumption for which they have the means to access. The same can be said for musical preference.Upper classes can easily afford to attended operas and symphonies while lower classes tend to associate with the other genres that do not require large financial profit. (North) Nathan Panda, an expert in the field of music and psychology, believes that living in a certain geographic location off place will play a part in music preference. However, the region of the area may have different musical tunes such as Alton Park and Soddy Daisy. These two both reside in Chattanooga but what is heard in Alton Park is completely different from what is heard in Soddy Daisy and vice versa.Two different types of music preferences exist within one region. Panda also believes that stereotypes of musical preference have been associated with socioeconomic classes in the United States before but that is now starting to change. Not only does the geographic and social class determine ones musical taste, parents also have a big impact as well. When asked Do you think listening to music when growing up will affect ones music choice? Panda replied Absolutely. She strongly agrees that parents influence a childs music taste because children like to mimic their parents to achieve their approval.Another question asked was What do you think about the conclusion of a higher education leads to more high art music choice? Panda did not think that higher education would lead to high art music nor did she believe that higher education leads to high art music and different music taste than those with a lower education. Panda also believes that drugs influence music preference. Drugs alter the state of consciousness which will lead to different music taste when under he influence. Music is a part of everyday life, whether an individual enjoys it or not. Panda) Music is derived from many cultures of the world. Beats and tunes are heard every where whether it is in a car playing on the radio, the internet, concerts, elevators, symphonies, word by mouth and so on. Music adapts quickly, from region to region. The tunes and lyrics are enjoyed by many and may impact lives. Music evolves at the same pace as society. As people and their lives change, music also evolves and is altered. The lives people lead affect their music preferences. The USIA peoples parents listen to as the person grows up plays a huge factor in what music preference the person has.As they grow up, peer influences and the radio play their part as well. The people they associate with contribute to their taste. As they age even more, many factors all come together simultaneously to craft all new genre preferences. These factors include all kinds of things such as if the person in question participates in the use of narcotics or other mind altering substances, what geographic location they reside within or spend most of their time in, the type of USIA that dominates their region, and even which social classes the individual is a part of.Social status and age seem to be the largest determinants of how to associate a certain individual with a specific genre or group of genres. This is based mostly on how easily accessible certain types of music may be. Those in the upper class are more likely to be exposed to genres such as opera and classical genres due to their ability to be able to spend money on attending its performance. The lower classes listen to the types of music that are prevalent on radio stations and may thrive within their area.The middle classes are the most difficult to associate with any brand of music because they are mostly eclectic and enjoy such a broad array of musical genres and artists. People of all ages have grown up listening to different types of music. In the contemporary era, most teens listen to rap, hip hop and other popular music while the people from the seventies will most likely listen to bands such as The Battles, Led Zeppelin, and Grand Funk Railroad. Music is derived from different backgrounds of several cultures around the world. Music preferences are based off ones social class and geographic location.

Introduction to Economic Growth

Question: 1-How can growth be measure? 2- Approaches to studying growth? Economic approach Social network approach to business growth Managerial approaches 3- How do small firms grow?which is ( greiners'1972 stage growth model)? 4-Strategies to overcome growth? Answer: 1. Economic growth can measured in terms of increase in the value of the output produced by the firms in a given time frame. Growth of firms is attributed to several factors like market economy, fiscal conditions, and supply and demand. The need for the product and the intensive growth of GDP to population defines the growth of a sector or industry. Many nations though have extensive resources but the growth gets restricted due to a weak GDP. 2. Growth can be measured through many methods. Some of the prominent methods are as following: Economic approach: This method focuses on the economic methods like GDP, GNP and value of goods produced etc. This method basically tries to understand growth more from a quantitative standpoint. Social network approach: This method tries to understand the interaction between individuals and organizations. This method tries to explore the various connections and complex structure of how people and society interact with organizations and create awareness about the products and growth cycles I the long run. Managerial approach: This method tries to focuses on the growth through economic analysis and application of various econometric tools in a systematic and efficient way. 3. Greiners growth model is based on five stages. They are as follows: a. Growth through creativity b. Growth through direction c. Growth through delegation d. Growth through coordination e. Growth through alliance According to Greiner small firms need to follow these steps to promote growth in the long run. 4. Growth barriers can be overcome through strategic planning and proper allocation of resources and by efficient usage of economic tools and analysis which can make every organizations stay on the top of the world in spite of difficult situations in the business cycle. References: Jones, Charles I; 2012 Introduction to Economic Growth, W.W. Norton and Co., Second Edition, New York Romer, David; 2006 Advanced Macroeconomics: McGraw-Hill, New York